Shih Tzu
#20 Most PopularLast updated
A cheerful 'little lion dog' bred purely as a companion: affectionate, adaptable, and happiest on your lap.
Is the Shih Tzu Right For You?
YES, if you are…
Apartment dwellers, seniors, and families with gentle children who want an affectionate, adaptable companion and are prepared for grooming and eye care.
NO, if you are…
Owners who want an athletic jogging partner, hot climates without air conditioning, and people unwilling to keep up with grooming.
Fun Facts about the Shih Tzu
- Shih Tzu means 'lion' in Chinese; the breed is often called the 'little lion dog'.
- All modern Shih Tzus are said to descend from about fourteen dogs used to rebuild the breed in the 20th century.
- Shih Tzus were bred purely as companions in the Chinese imperial palace.
- The breed's hair-like coat comes in almost every color and pattern.
Common Misconceptions about the Shih Tzu
That a low-shedding coat means low maintenance. The coat grows continuously and mats without regular care. Another misconception is that Shih Tzus are fragile toy dogs; they are actually sturdy for their size.
Quick Facts
9-16 lbs
9-10.5 in
10-18 years
Long
Various including Gold, White, Brown, Black
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Occasional
Yes
Shih Tzu Temperament
Affectionate, Playful, Outgoing
Exercise & Grooming
Exercise Needs
Short daily walks
Grooming
Daily brushing for long coats, regular grooming
Grooming Guide
A long coat needs daily brushing and regular baths; most pet owners choose a puppy cut every four to eight weeks. Keep hair out of the eyes with a topknot or trim. Clean around the eyes daily, check ears, trim nails, and brush teeth regularly.
Shih Tzu Health
Common Health Issues
Brachycephalic syndrome, patellar luxation, eye issues
Diet & Nutrition
Feed a quality small-breed diet in measured portions; Shih Tzus can gain weight easily. Some prefer smaller kibble shapes that are easier for flat-faced dogs to pick up. Dental chews and regular brushing help prevent dental disease.
Health Care
Shih Tzus are a brachycephalic breed and can have breathing problems and heat intolerance. Their prominent eyes are prone to injuries, corneal ulcers, and dry eye; see a vet quickly for squinting or redness. Other common issues include luxating kneecaps, intervertebral disc disease, dental disease, and ear infections. Ask breeders about eye exams, patellar evaluations, and kidney health; renal dysplasia occurs in the breed.
About the Shih Tzu
History
The Shih Tzu was developed as a palace companion in imperial China, likely from small dogs gifted by Tibetan lamas and crossed with breeds such as the Pekingese. The name means 'lion' in Chinese, and the dogs were prized for resembling the lions of Buddhist tradition. The breed nearly disappeared in China after the fall of the imperial court and later the revolution of 1949. The modern Shih Tzu descends from a small number of dogs brought to England and Europe in the 1930s and earlier, often said to number just fourteen. The AKC recognized the breed in 1969.
Personality
Shih Tzus were bred purely as companions, and it shows. They are affectionate, friendly, and happiest in their people's company, whether on a lap or following you around. They tend to be outgoing with visitors and usually get along with other dogs and pets. They can have a stubborn streak and are not always eager to obey, but they are playful and enjoy short games and walks. Shih Tzus adapt well to many living situations, from apartments to houses, and from active families to quiet seniors, as long as they get attention and care.
Living With a Shih Tzu
Shih Tzus are well suited to apartments and quiet homes. They need short walks and indoor play. Their flat faces make them sensitive to heat, so exercise in cooler parts of the day. Their coat needs regular care, and many owners choose a short puppy cut. House training can be slow, so be consistent. They can be good with gentle children but are small enough to be injured by rough play.
Training
Shih Tzus respond best to gentle, positive training with food rewards. Keep sessions short and fun. Be patient with house training; a crate and consistent schedule help. Socialize them early so they are confident and friendly.
Frequently Asked Questions about the Shih Tzu
Do Shih Tzus shed?
Very little. Their hair-like coat sheds minimally but needs regular brushing and grooming to prevent mats.
Are Shih Tzus good with kids?
Yes, with gentle children. They are affectionate and playful but small enough to be hurt by rough play.
How often do Shih Tzus need grooming?
Every four to eight weeks for a trim, plus brushing several times a week and daily cleaning around the eyes.
Are Shih Tzus hard to house-train?
They can take longer than some breeds. A consistent schedule, crate training, and lots of praise help.
Do Shih Tzus have breathing problems?
Their short muzzles can cause breathing issues and heat sensitivity. Keep them cool, lean, and see a vet if breathing is noisy at rest.
How long do Shih Tzus live?
Shih Tzus often live 10 to 16 years, and some longer.
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